№ 3 (July — September 2022)
Agapov I. G. IMPACT OF ECONOMY ON PEDAGOGY: BASIC PEDAGOGICAL AXIOMS
Annotation. The article presents the author’s view on the influence of economic theory on the psychological and pedagogical foundations of education, upbringing and development. Economics, as a science more closely related to the needs of people, is able to exert an applied influence on pedagogy, turning the «school term» into an exciting journey, replacing the outdated construction of «education for life» with the modern construction of «education through life». It is this approach that will allow teachers to come up with the mission of «pedagogy for life». The author projects into the pedagogical plane such economic categories as «quality» and «efficiency», «needs» and «opportunities», «demand» and «balance», «property» and competition», «entrepreneurship» and others. Developing individual pedagogical topics that have taken off in the economic environment, the author strengthens his position due to the basic axioms developed by him, which have gained vitality after many years of approbation. These are axioms about readiness, learning start, dominance in communication, method, knowledge, the meaning of faith, group work, external speech, transparency and continuity in learning, wisdom and others, which the author refers to as basic. In the article, the author also gives a separate place to the reverse influence of pedagogical thought on the economic processes taking place in society. In conclusion, the author identifies a problem that, according to the author, has not been solved in the pedagogical environment, but the solution of which could guide the entire pedagogical community along the true innovative path of development.
Keywords: quality, efficiency, competence, pyramid of opportunities, demand, readiness and ability to work, knowledge, balance, competition, entrepreneurship.
Assuirova L.V., Chikina V.A. DIDACTIC POSSIBILITIES OF THE BOOKTRAILER
Annotation. The article discusses the didactic possibilities of the booktrailer, when creating which students and teachers turn to the means of two types of arts: literature and cinema. The relevance of using the booktrailer creation technique is obvious: modern of educational standards require the formation of intellectual and personal qualities of graduates, the use of various innovative ways of working in the classroom and in extracurricular activities, including recently close attention has been paid to film lessons. The booktrailer, which the authors convincingly show, is one of the forms of realization and creation of such a cinema lesson, since it represents a close interaction and interpenetration of textual and intermediate means.
Keywords: booktrailer, literature, cinema, intermediates, stages of booktrailer creation.
Annotation. At present, the social demand for the quality of higher education is at a consistently high level, especially in the areas of professional training related to the safety of people, the protection and protection of their life and health. Higher educational institutions of the EMERCOM of Russia belonging to this group train specialists with a high level of professional competencies who are able to work daily in situations of risk and increased danger. The system of education in the universities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation is subordinated to this task. However, like any system, the training of firefighters is not without its shortcomings. One of these should be recognized as the lack of understanding by students of the role of individual sciences in their development as future specialists, the inability to fully implement the knowledge gained as a result of mastering specific disciplines in practical activities. Mechanics is one of the subjects in need of optimization of the teaching system in the higher school of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. This article is devoted to the study of the role of mechanics as a branch of physics, as well as applied mechanics, in the professional development of cadets of the higher school of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation on the example of the Ivanovo Fire and Rescue Academy. According to the results of the experiment, carried out in two stages, the author was able to identify the current state in the field of teaching mechanics at the Academy, as well as dottedly outline ways to optimize this process.
Keywords: mechanics, applied mechanics, physics, cadets of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, Ivanovo Fire and Rescue Academy.
Annotation. The author reveals the main areas of scientific interests of A.P.Nechaev, shows the process of formation of not only his scientific beliefs, but ideas about the meaning of life and activity of a scientist; analyzes the problems of the process of formation of psychological and pedagogical training of teachers of the beginning of the XX century; the article emphasizes the importance of historical and pedagogical knowledge for the theoretical training of a modern teacher.
Keywords: higher pedagogical education, formation of higher pedagogical education, psychological and pedagogical teacher training, history of pedagogy, theory of pedagogy, experimental pedagogy, pedology.
Annotation. In the article, the authors attempted to analyze the existing models of competencies and proposed a model of digital competencies of a teacher of secondary vocational education. The main attention is paid to the basic digital competencies necessary for the organization of effective training. The authors note that in the modern economy, the most in demand are personnel who are oriented in the digital environment, who possess digital competencies. To prepare competitive graduates, it is necessary to possess the digital competencies of the teachers themselves.
Keywords: digitalization, secondary vocational education, digital competencies, model of digital competencies of a teacher of secondary vocational education.
Kovalev G.N. ABOUT THE AKTUALIZATION OF MILITARU-PATRIOTIC EDUCATION IN THE MODERN SCHOOL
Annotation. The article presents a short analysis of the condition of patriotic education and basic military training in the country and in foreign countries. The reasons for the blurring of the concept of patriotism were named. One of the reasons is the curtailment odf basic military training in general school. The school has stopped educating the children. The concept of patriotism became blurred. Imitation of «Western examples» appeared. Children began to be prepared for a «successful life,» which denies the concept of heroism and selflessness, honor, conscience and service to the Fatherland. The country is at a point where the scenario is not excluded that everyone will ask themselves whether they are a patriot or not.
Keywords: Military-patriotic education, service to the Fatherland, basic military training.
Annotation. The article presents some approaches to the analysis of the process of formation of the semantic component of language ability in ontogenesis. The most important linguistic and psycholinguistic discoveries are considered, which contain a certain potential for the study of semantic units and relationships in the lexicon of a child. The main stages of the formation of a child’s lexico-semantic system, patterns and individual strategies of mastering semantics are presented, the knowledge of which will allow the teacher to consciously choose the ways of forming a child’s lexicon.
Keywords: language ability, ontogenesis of language ability, language personality, semanticocentrism, semantic component of language ability, lexico-semantic system of the child.
Assuirova L.V., Petrova D.Y. LONGRID: GENRE OR FORMAT OF SUBMISSION OF MATERIAL IN JOURNALISM
Annotation. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the interpretation of the concept of «longread», which entered the journalism not so long ago. Opinions of scientists in the field of media are divided: some believe that longread is a format for presenting material in journalism, while others define longread in terms of a journalistic genre and a multimedia article. Based on different interpretations of one concept in the humanities, the authors describe various types of longreads presented in the studies of Vorobyova D.K., Zolotukhin A.A., Mazharinoy Yu.N., Chigaeva D.P. and others. It is interesting to distinguish between different types of long read, knowledge of which enables authors and teachers, when working with children, to develop the content of the future genre, depending on the goals and topic. The analysis allowed the authors to classify the longread as an actual format for presenting the text, effective in presenting the material and attracting the attention of readers.
Keywords: journalism, longread, multimedia article, journalistic text, types of longreads, media.
Annotation. The article describes the organization of the educational process of training future preschool teachers on the basis of the developed software and methodological support, substantiates the importance of using programs in the academic discipline, extracurricular activities, classes of interest associations in the preparation of the future preschool teacher on the basis of institutions of secondary specialized education for the formation of the foundations of engineering thinking of preschool children.
As a result of the study, the author for the first time developed a theoretical and methodological basis for preparing the future teacher of a preschool educational institution for teaching preschoolers the basics of engineering thinking. The theoretical significance of the study is as follows: the essence and structure of the readiness of a teacher of a preschool educational institution to form the foundations of engineering thinking in children are scientifically substantiated; a model of training (on the basis of secondary specialized education) a teacher of a preschool educational institution for the implementation of the process of forming the foundations of engineering thinking in children was developed; a diagnostic complex was developed and tested to assess the readiness of a preschool teacher to ensure that the foundations of engineering thinking are formed in preschoolers; the software and methodological support of the educational process was developed and tested, the purpose of which is to prepare the kindergarten teacher (on the basis of secondary specialized education) to form the foundations of engineering thinking in their wards. The study has practical significance, consisting in the fact that a model has been developed for preparing a preschool teacher (on the basis of secondary specialized education) to carry out the process of forming the basics of engineering thinking in children, and implementing appropriate scientific and methodological support for the educational process for preparing a preschool teacher. education to the formation of the basics of engineering thinking in children, namely: curriculum for the discipline «Methods of using information and communication technologies in the educational process» for students of secondary specialized education (specialty 2-01 01 01 «Preschool education»), textbook for college students «Methods of using information and communication technologies in the educational process», the program of optional classes «Competitive Pedagogy», the program of interest associations «ProfStart», scorecards for assessing the quality of the preparation of a teacher of a preschool educational institution to form in children basics of engineering thinking, methodological recommendations for teachers on the most effective formation of the basics of engineering thinking among preschoolers.
Keywords: the process of preparing future preschool teachers, software and methodological support, criteria and indicators of readiness, a program for an academic discipline, a program of extracurricular activities, an association of interests.