№1 (January-March 2024)
Abstract: This article examines and critically examines the features of using film interpretations of F. M. Dostoevsky’s works in modern literature lessons. The introduction of such methods of study allows you to penetrate more deeply into the content of the text of the work, to see the cinematic means of expression used by the creators of the film. All this makes it possible to introduce a creative task at the control stage, by completing which students create a new creative product. The author provides information from the history of the use of film screening at school in various types of student activities. The types and methods of forming a healthy psychological atmosphere in the classroom through film interpretations are indicated. The features of the use of F. M. Dostoevsky’s film adaptations in the practice of modern schools are also analyzed and disclosed on the example of the UMK edited by V. Ya. Korovina, edited by S. A. Zinin and edited by T. F. Kurdyumova.
Keywords: film interpretation, literary text, psychologism, history of film studies, FGOS LLC, adaptation of classical literature.
Annotation. The breakthrough of technological progress dictates new forms of work in all spheres of human activity. Artificial intelligence has begun to develop so rapidly over the past few years, which exceeds all the successes since its creation. The article examines the possibilities of a modern neural network for generating new text and analyzes the generated text that meets the tasks of the teacher in order to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the use.
Key words: primary education, artificial intelligence, methodology, neural networks.
Annotation. The article deals with the problem of how to develop foreign language communicative competence in primary schoolchildren, in particular dialogical speech in English. The authors analysed English teaching kits used in modern primary schools to solve this problem. The analysis was carried out in the following directions: the analysis of textual materials, didactic materials, illustrative materials, audio materials, and of special components of the teaching kit that have the potential for the development of foreign language dialogical speech in students. The results of the analysis of ‘Starlight’ are described. In the final part of the article the authors come to the conclusion about the opportunities the teaching kit provides for organising work on the formation and development of dialogic speech in the foreign language in primary schoolchildren.
Keywords: foreign language communicative competence, form of speech, dialogue, types of dialogue, foreign language dialogic speech.
Annotation. The subject of analysis in this article is the concept of intellectual development. The author considers its possibilities in Russian language lessons in elementary school, in particular when studying grammar. In addition, the essence of the concept of linguistic thinking is specified, the relationship between the categories of intelligence and thinking is revealed, and an attempt is made to demonstrate the importance of cognitive tasks in the process of intellectual development of primary schoolchildren and the formation of their linguistic thinking.
Key words: intelligence, thinking, intellectual development, linguistic thinking, cognitive task.
Annotation. The author of the article analyzes the formation of reading interest among primary school students while working with a modern literary fairy tale in class. At the same time, the possibilities of introducing works of this genre into the educational process are shown. Attention is focused on the concepts of “reader interest” and “modern literary fairy tale”, and various interpretations are given.
Keywords: reader’s interest, modern literary fairy tale, formation, junior schoolchild, text, cognitive activity.
Annotation. The article discusses the main ways of using video materials as part of integrated lessons using a foreign language in primary school. The issues related to the use of modern visual aids in teaching a foreign language as a universal mechanism for developing the communicative competence of students in primary school are analyzed. The study examines the main types of video materials and the features of their use in the process of bilingual foreign language teaching. The features of using films and cartoons during integrated lessons in primary school are determined. The main ways to optimize the development of practical skills in mastering a foreign language with the help of video materials in a bilingual elementary school class are considered.
Key words: bilingual education, communicative competence, listening, the principle of visibility, integrated lessons.
Mochalova T.I. ABSTRACT NOUNS IN RUSSIAN DIALS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA
Annotation. The article analyzes abstract nouns functioning in Russian dialects on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia. In the dialect environment, nouns with concrete and material semantics are more frequent, names with abstract semantics are less common. Based on the differential components of meaning in their composition, subgroups of nouns were identified that name various abstract concepts — abstract quality, action, state, quantity. Verbal formations with the meaning of abstract action, abstract nouns representing multifaceted characteristics of a person (mental abilities, physical and emotional state, behavioral characteristics, etc.) are widespread in the studied dialects. A special group consists of abstract names that nominate the state of the environment and name various abstract concepts. Less productive in the dialect environment are adjectival names with the meaning of an abstract feature.
Key words: dialect language, dialect, dialectism, semantics, morphology, abstract nouns.
Annotation. The article presents the results of a study of the formation of primary ethnic ideas in children of senior preschool age. The relevance of the study is justified by the need for Moscow preschoolers to adapt to the diversity and interpenetration of ethnic cultures, to the constant intercultural context of interactions, the need to be able to function successfully in it, to engage in a variety of communication situations and activities with representatives of the ethnic diversity of the capital. The purpose of the study was determined: to theoretically substantiate, develop and test the effectiveness of a program for the formation of primary ethnic ideas of older preschoolers in the process of intercultural communication. The research objectives and methods for solving them are outlined. A theoretical justification for the empirical work is given. The structure of primary ethnic ideas of older preschool children is revealed, the basis of which is made up of cognitive and behavioral components. The description of the empirical part of the study contains characteristics of the sample, presentation of diagnostic tools, as well as the results of diagnostics carried out in the experimental and control groups at the ascertaining and control stages. The formative experiment includes a program of pedagogical work aimed at developing positive ethnic ideas in older preschoolers. The criteria and indicators by which the results of mastering the program are assessed are disclosed. Educational and developmental tasks are listed, as well as forms and methods of implementing pedagogical content. Practical conclusions formulated during testing of the program are outlined, about the possibility of pedagogically appropriate specially organized intercultural communication in specifically preschool activities. A comparison of statistically significant results obtained at the ascertaining and control stages of empirical work is presented. It made it possible to prove the hypothesis that the effectiveness of the formation of primary ethnic ideas of older preschoolers is ensured by the organization of a pedagogically appropriate space of intercultural communication based on a program that includes a specially selected set of forms and methods.
Key words: preschool education, intercultural communication, intercultural competence, educational process, multicultural education.
Serebrennikova Yu.A. USING NEURAL NETWORKS IN LESSONS
IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Annotation. The article examines the possibilities and advantages of using neural networks in elementary school lessons. The author analyzes the effectiveness of using artificial intelligence in the educational process, discusses possible difficulties and pitfalls. The article also provides specific examples of the use of neural networks in elementary schools to improve teaching materials, individualize learning, and create a more interesting and interactive educational environment for students.
Key words: neural networks, artificial intelligence, primary school, education.
Sotkov V. A. MENTORING IN HISTORICAL AND LITERARY CONTEXTS (I. S. SHMELEV «THE NANNY FROM MOSCOW»)
Annotation. The term «mentoring» came into wide use after the announcement by Russian President Vladimir Putin of the year of teacher and mentor. It was during this period that the public, far from the education system, got acquainted with the names of the great enlighteners of the past: K. D. Ushinsky, V. A. Sukhomlinsky, Jan Amos Komensky, Janusz Korczak, etc. The definition of the term «mentoring» in modern pedagogy is very broad, which covers all spheres of human life: from family and school, to career growth and the political life of the country – but the main thing is that mentoring is, first of all, the process of transferring knowledge, skills, etc.
In each of the historical periods, people put their own criteria into the concept of mentoring, due to the peculiarities of the state system and religion. In the history of mankind, there are many names of mentors who have positively influenced the development and formation of great personalities. The Russian phenomenon of mentoring is unusual and interesting in that it shows a closer spiritual connection between the mentor and the mentee. This is due to the high influence of Christian Orthodox traditions, in which the mentoring system is expressed in the elder-novice system. It is for this reason that all the sovereigns of the Russian Empire and representatives of noble families had spiritual mentors among the elders and the monastic brotherhood, who distinguished themselves by righteous living.
In the works of Russian literature, a special place is occupied by heroes-mentors, these can be elders, teachers, nannies, etc. Mentoring is the upbringing of a morally healthy person through the instillation of traditionally Christian family principles.
The heroine of the work by I. S. Shmelev «The Nanny from Moscow», the Tula peasant Daria Stepanovna, who works as a nanny in the rich house of the Vyshgorodsky intellectuals, embodies the collective image of a nanny mentor. She not only helps with the housework and upbringing of young Katya, she plays the role of a guide through life, a guardian angel in all the trials that befell the young heroine.
This article reveals not only the multidimensional nature of the concept of «mentoring», but also demonstrates its spiritual depth in Russia.
Key words: mentoring, education, mentor, archetype, Russian intelligentsia.
Annotation. The purpose of this article is to summarize the experience of the Russian Language Center of NUST MISIS on the development of soft skills among students in higher education during the study of linguistic disciplines. The article discusses the possibilities of developing supra-professional skills for the implementation of professional competencies of both future linguists and engineers. The scientific novelty lies in the description of specific techniques and variants of tasks when teaching the Russian language. As a result, the effectiveness of using tasks developed by teachers of the Russian Language Center of NUST MISIS for the development of critical thinking, creativity, the ability to cooperate, understanding and managing one’s own and others’ emotions, and the plasticity of behavioral reactions was demonstrated.
Key words: “soft skills”, teaching techniques, Russian language, critical thinking, professional competence.
Annotation. The virtual school Museum of the history of everyday life is an open educational platform, within which one of the directions of the pedagogical laboratory «children to children» is being implemented. The formation of expositions is carried out by students by referring to a wide range of sources, primarily of personal origin. The main purpose of creating such a museum is to form a positive attitude towards the history of their country. Filling the museum with information is carried out in close relationship between family and school. The result of students’ involvement in the museum space of the school is the strengthening of family ties between different generations. We consider the social effect – the interaction between grandchildren and grandparents — to be a stable positive aspect of the museum’s work.
Keywords: virtual school museum, the history of everyday life, scientific creativity of schoolchildren, relevant educational space, communication of generations, patriotic education, family and school.