№ 4 (October-December 2024)
Abstract. The article examines the approach of foreign teachers to the practice of interactive education through the understanding and use of interactive texts. A comparative analysis of Russian and foreign experience alongside with comparison of different interpretation of terms is carried out. The article can be useful for a theoretical understanding of the concept of «interactivity» in education, and also shows the difference between schools: foreign experience in using interactive education as digital and the use of digital texts (e-texts) in teaching, the domestic approach to interactive as based on interaction – human and human, human and means (in this case – text).
Keywords: interactivity; interactive learning; interactivity in education; interactive text; e-texts; interactive texts.
Annotation. The article is devoted to the development of neuroplasticity in preschool children through the technology of «mind fitness». The pedagogical experience of using mental arithmetic, a modern method of teaching rapid counting aimed at developing cognitive abilities in children, is presented.
Keywords: mental arithmetic, brain, thinking, neuroplasticity, mind fitness, preschool children.
Annotation. The authors of the article focus on the relevance for school practice of working on a literary text, relying on the theory of regulative principles in the elementary grades. A review of modern research devoted to the analysis of the features of artistic style is made. Scientists note that artistic style serves a special sphere of human activity – the sphere of verbal and artistic creativity. The external and internal world is embodied in a literary text through a system of images. The article shows that in the modern situation it is very important to teach schoolchildren to write essays, expressing personally significant meanings for each person, an attitude towards the subject of speech, initiated by the text read. Particular attention is paid to the concept of “regulability”, through which the characteristics of the properties of a literary text are reflected, which influence its perception by the addressee and control the reader’s understanding of the text. Working on a literary text and relying on the theory of regulative elements in the elementary grades is relevant for school practice, since thanks to the analysis of the text, which includes the identification of its regulative units, one can see how the image of reality is embodied in the text – this is the most important function of the linguistic means of artistic style. In addition, such an analysis makes it possible to motivate the student to interpret the text, to create a statement that embodies his interpretation.
Keywords: literary text, training, analysis, artistic style, regulation, individual style of the writer, essay, interpretation.
Annotation. The article summarizes the results of the II National Congress of the Educational Industry “UCHPROM-2024” held at the Skolkovo Innovation Center – an annual event that brings together representatives of the educational sector, manufacturers of educational equipment, the scientific community and authorities. UCHPROM forms a strategy for the national education system, allowing for cooperation between manufacturers, customers, representatives of regional authorities and the scientific community. Based on its results, directions for further development of the educational industry and key tasks were identified, including increasing the availability of equipment, further cooperation with manufacturers and the introduction of digital technologies in the educational process. UCHPROM-2024 confirmed its status as the main event in the educational industry, showing that consolidating the efforts of manufacturers, teachers and authorities can ensure high-quality equipment for educational institutions and increase the level of preparation of Russian schoolchildren and students for the professional challenges of the future.
Keywords: UCHPROM-2024, national education system, digital content, primary school, discussion, educational industry.
Annotation. The article is devoted to the study of methodologies for teaching the interpretation of phraseological units in the school Russian language curriculum. The author emphasizes the importance of phraseological units as a means of enriching speech, developing intellectual skills, and immersing students in the historical and cultural context of the language. The main approaches to the interpretation of phraseological units are examined, including the lexical-semantic, synonymic, etymological, contextual approaches, the use of phraseological dictionaries, and the method based on working with types of utterances. The potential of each approach is explored in detail.
Special attention is given to the challenges faced by students and teachers: the literal interpretation of phraseological units, logical errors, text structure deformation, and limited lexical diversity in interpretive essays. The importance of focused work on the meaning and usage of phraseological units, the use of literary texts, and phraseological dictionaries to address these difficulties is highlighted.
The study’s findings confirm the effectiveness of a comprehensive approach to teaching phraseology to students. These conclusions underline the need for further research and development in the methodology of phraseology instruction to enhance students’ cultural and linguistic competence.
Keywords: phraseology, phraseology interpretation, approach, learning, essay-interpretation.
Abstract. The article examines the phenomenon of existential sustainability as a key factor in the personal development of an entrepreneur in the current conditions of economic uncertainty. Based on the analysis of the theoretical and methodological framework, the main components of existential entrepreneurship are identified, including purposefulness, value orientations, ethical principles of management, the desire for self-realization, human-centeredness and adaptability. The results of the study demonstrate the importance of implementing existential components in the educational process of training entrepreneurs to form a multidimensional approach to business activities that goes beyond purely financial motivation.
Keywords: personality psychology, existentialism, success, social success, entrepreneurial activity, uncertainty, stress, competition, globalization, business.
Annotation. The article presents the experience ofusing neural networks to assess the narratives of applicants entering a master’s program. Currently, some international experience has been accumulated in using many digital tools to solve various educational problems at all educational stages. Currently, testing using artificial intelligence is widely used in teaching practice. Which significantly simplifies the procedure for assessing the residual knowledge of students. However, not everything can be assessed using tests. To identify ideas about their abilities, it is necessary to include analytical writing practices: unfinished sentences, free writing, essays, problematic issues affecting the analysis of personal and professional situations. The question of the possibility of training neural networks, in particular, ChatGPT4, to help the teacher conduct an objective analytical assessment of the value-semantic units of students’ narrative texts remains open.
Keywords: narratives, content-analysis, Chat GPT4, neironet, psychodiagnostic.
Kharchenko O.O. LINGUISTIC THINKING OF SCHOOLCHILDREN: PROBLEMS OF FORMATION IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Annotation. The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of formation of linguistic thinking of primary school students. The author describes and interprets the results of a direct associative test, draws conclusions about the level of development of linguistic thinking of students. Linguistic tasks aimed at teaching the establishment of connections between grammatical concepts and their essential features are proposed.
Keywords: linguistic thinking, primary school student, linguistic task, grammatical concept, linguistic terms.
Annotation. The requirements of the updated Federal State Educational Standard emphasize the importance of the formation of reading literacy as the basis of functional literacy of schoolchildren. They consist in the fact that students should be able to understand texts of various types and formats, including artistic, scientific and informational ones. Also, the formation of skills is associated with the development of meta-subject skills, such as searching, analyzing and interpreting information. Reading literacy is considered as a skill necessary for solving educational and life tasks. The educational process should be focused on the use of texts that are relevant and diverse in content and form. FGOS require the development of critical thinking through the analysis, comparison and evaluation of texts. Special attention is paid to independent work with texts, including the identification of key ideas and cause-and-effect relationships. The training should take into account the individual abilities of the students, using a differentiated approach. The formation of interest in reading as a cultural and educational practice is one of the goals of the educational process. To achieve reader literacy, the integration of academic subjects, the use of project technologies and problem-based learning is proposed.
The formation of reading literacy as a kind of functional and writing an essay-reasoning are interrelated components of a student’s educational activity. Having no skills for meaningful reading, the student will not be able to write a competent essay, on the contrary, not being able to logically present the course of his thoughts in an argument, he will not be able to understand the oral or written speech of the opponent properly. Teachers are encouraged to work in both directions to show the deep world of the Russian language to students.
Keywords: reading literacy, essay reasoning, functional literacy, teaching methods, critical thinking, project activity, reading.
Annotation. The article discusses the issues of using a cartoon studio in the practice of working with preschool children. Based on the material from work experience, the authors justify the use of modern equipment in the practice of educational organizations as a means of enriching the developing environment, which in turn contributes to achieving the goals of the federal educational program (FOP DO).
Keywords: STEM pedagogy, animation, preschool education, communication skills, cognitive mental processes, creative thinking.
Annotation. This article examines the problems of forming a system of environmental knowledge in the context of intercultural communication using the method of argumentation and emphasis, and also addresses the issues of academic failure of foreign students, and as a consequence of its causes.
Keywords: environmental knowledge system, intercultural communication, method, argumentation method, accentuation method, academic failure, low level of education.